Looking for other datasets? Contact Us
List of Dentists in Emilia-Romagna
Number of Dentists in Emilia-Romagna with email address, phone number, geocoded address, and other key details for download.
- 1432
Number of Dentists
$149 $1490(90% off)
Smartscrapers has the most up to date and comprehensive Dentists list in Emilia-Romagna. Our lists are constantly being verified and our database is constantly being updated.
Download list of Dentists in Emilia-Romagna
Find new clients and close more deals with the world’s best business leads provider. You can download Dentists email and phone number lists for your sales teams. Here is a random sample of 30 records for you to look at the fields and the data that we provide.
| name | address | city | State/Territory | country | phone | Review Count | Rating Scores | url | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Studio Dentistico Dott Del Corso Giacomo | Address | Bologna | Emilia-Romagna | Italy | Phone | 183 | 5 | Link | |
| Studio Dott. Marco Degidi | Address | Bologna | Emilia-Romagna | Italy | Phone | 100 | 5 | Link | |
| Studio Dentistico 39 Di Rosati Massimo & C. Snc | Address | Rimini | Emilia-Romagna | Italy | Phone | 0 | 0 | Link | |
| Cavalca Dr. Antonio | Address | Reggio nell'Emilia | Emilia-Romagna | Italy | Phone | 3 | 4.3 | Link | |
| Dott. Carini Mattia Dentista Implantologo | Address | Reggio nell'Emilia | Emilia-Romagna | Italy | Phone | 1 | 5 | Link | |
| Dott.ssa Amaddeo Cinzia Dentista | Address | Reggio nell'Emilia | Emilia-Romagna | Italy | Phone | 5 | 5 | Link | |
| Isabella Pozzi | Address | Reggio nell'Emilia | Emilia-Romagna | Italy | Phone | 0 | 0 | Link | |
| Studio Odontoiatrico Dr. Maurizio Colla | Address | Reggio nell'Emilia | Emilia-Romagna | Italy | Phone | 1 | 2 | Link | |
| Dott. Baldari Marco Dentista | Address | Reggio nell'Emilia | Emilia-Romagna | Italy | Phone | 0 | 0 | Link | |
| Dott.ssa Simonazzi Laura Dentista | Address | Reggio nell'Emilia | Emilia-Romagna | Italy | Phone | 0 | 0 | Link | |
| Studio Odontoiatrico Dott. Gennaro Auricchio | Address | Modena | Emilia-Romagna | Italy | Phone | 56 | 5 | Link | |
| Studio Dentistico Dotti | Address | Modena | Emilia-Romagna | Italy | Phone | 2 | 5 | Link | |
| Studio Dentistico Zoboli Mauro | Address | Modena | Emilia-Romagna | Italy | Phone | 7 | 4.9 | Link | |
| Studio Dentistico S. Faustino | Address | Modena | Emilia-Romagna | Italy | Phone | 9 | 5 | Link | |
| Ambulatorio Dentistico Monari Dr. Francesca | Address | Modena | Emilia-Romagna | Italy | Phone | 2 | 5 | Link | |
| Giovanni Bertoldi | Address | Modena | Emilia-Romagna | Italy | Phone | 11 | 4.5 | Link | |
| Centro Odontoiatrico Matteotti | Address | Bologna | Emilia-Romagna | Italy | Phone | 8 | 4.1 | Link | |
| Avtre Poliambulatorio Odontoiatrico | Address | Modena | Emilia-Romagna | Italy | Phone | 1 | 5 | Link | |
| Costa Dr. Antonio | Address | Parma | Emilia-Romagna | Italy | Phone | 11 | 4.5 | Link | |
| Marc J.W.M. Mertens Studio Dentistico | Address | Piacenza | Emilia-Romagna | Italy | Phone | 5 | 5 | Link | |
| Centro Dentale Festa - Dentista Rimini | Address | Santarcangelo | Emilia-Romagna | Italy | Phone | 1 | 5 | Link | |
| Dentisti Associati Greischberger - Di Bartolomeo | Address | Bologna | Emilia-Romagna | Italy | Phone | 22 | 4.9 | Link | |
| Malchiodi Dr. Massimiliano | Address | Piacenza | Emilia-Romagna | Italy | Phone | 27 | 4.5 | Link | |
| Studio Dentistico Dott.ssa Scaffidi | Address | Parma | Emilia-Romagna | Italy | Phone | 0 | 0 | Link | |
| Ambulatorio Privato Di Odontoiatria Sant'Andrea | Address | Parma | Emilia-Romagna | Italy | Phone | 6 | 5 | Link | |
| Akos Centro Odontoiatrico - Parma Gramsci | Address | Parma | Emilia-Romagna | Italy | Phone | 7 | 5 | Link | |
| Bludental Clinique - Parma | Address | Parma | Emilia-Romagna | Italy | Phone | 192 | 4.8 | Link | |
| Studio Dentistico Dr. Tartari - Dr. Frozzi | Address | Ferrara | Emilia-Romagna | Italy | Phone | 5 | 4.2 | Link | |
| Agorà Medi | Address | Reggio nell'Emilia | Emilia-Romagna | Italy | Phone | 30 | 4.6 | Link | |
| Ambulatorio Odontoiatrico San Matteo Di Sgarbanti Dr. Gianluca | Address | Ferrara | Emilia-Romagna | Italy | Phone | 19 | 4.5 | Link |
[
{
"name": "Studio Dentistico Dott Del Corso Giacomo",
"address": "Vi**********",
"phone": "********1699",
"email": "in**@de**********",
"lat": 44.5173659,
"lng": 11.3415481,
"url": "ht**********",
"country": "Italy",
"state": "Emilia-Romagna",
"city": "Bologna",
"star_count": 5,
"rating_count": 183,
"category_name": "Dentists"
},
{
"name": "Studio Dott. Marco Degidi",
"address": "Vi**********",
"phone": "********1614",
"email": "de********@le**********",
"lat": 44.4877707,
"lng": 11.383725,
"url": "ht**********",
"country": "Italy",
"state": "Emilia-Romagna",
"city": "Bologna",
"star_count": 5,
"rating_count": 100,
"category_name": "Dentists"
},
{
"name": "Studio Dentistico 39 Di Rosati Massimo & C. Snc",
"address": "Vi**********",
"phone": "********5757",
"email": "in**@ma**********",
"lat": 44.0440841,
"lng": 12.5939254,
"url": "ht**********",
"country": "Italy",
"state": "Emilia-Romagna",
"city": "Rimini",
"star_count": 0,
"rating_count": 0,
"category_name": "Dentists"
},
{
"name": "Cavalca Dr. Antonio",
"address": "Vi**********",
"phone": "********3220",
"email": "no******@li*******",
"lat": 44.7093199,
"lng": 10.6377114,
"url": "ht**********",
"country": "Italy",
"state": "Emilia-Romagna",
"city": "Reggio nell'Emilia",
"star_count": 4.3,
"rating_count": 3,
"category_name": "Dentists"
},
{
"name": "Dott. Carini Mattia Dentista Implantologo",
"address": "Vi**********",
"phone": "********3840",
"email": "in**@la**********",
"lat": 44.7108458,
"lng": 10.5970159,
"url": "ht**********",
"country": "Italy",
"state": "Emilia-Romagna",
"city": "Reggio nell'Emilia",
"star_count": 5,
"rating_count": 1,
"category_name": "Dentists,Dental clinics"
},
{
"name": "Dott.ssa Amaddeo Cinzia Dentista",
"address": "Vi**********",
"phone": "********3840",
"email": "in**@la**********",
"lat": 44.7110578,
"lng": 10.5970296,
"url": "ht**********",
"country": "Italy",
"state": "Emilia-Romagna",
"city": "Reggio nell'Emilia",
"star_count": 5,
"rating_count": 5,
"category_name": "Dentists,Oral surgeons"
},
{
"name": "Isabella Pozzi",
"address": "Vi**********",
"phone": "********3377",
"email": "do*********@le**********",
"lat": 44.6898753,
"lng": 10.623117,
"url": "ht**********",
"country": "Italy",
"state": "Emilia-Romagna",
"city": "Reggio nell'Emilia",
"star_count": 0,
"rating_count": 0,
"category_name": "Dentists"
},
{
"name": "Studio Odontoiatrico Dr. Maurizio Colla",
"address": "Vi**********",
"phone": "********6908",
"email": "se********@st**********",
"lat": 44.6952236,
"lng": 10.6438631,
"url": "ht**********",
"country": "Italy",
"state": "Emilia-Romagna",
"city": "Reggio nell'Emilia",
"star_count": 2,
"rating_count": 1,
"category_name": "Oral surgeons,Orthodontists,Dentists"
},
{
"name": "Dott. Baldari Marco Dentista",
"address": "Vi**********",
"phone": "********3840",
"email": "in**@la**********",
"lat": 44.7108893,
"lng": 10.5971446,
"url": "ht**********",
"country": "Italy",
"state": "Emilia-Romagna",
"city": "Reggio nell'Emilia",
"star_count": 0,
"rating_count": 0,
"category_name": "Dentists,Oral surgeons"
},
{
"name": "Dott.ssa Simonazzi Laura Dentista",
"address": "Vi**********",
"phone": "********3840",
"email": "in**@la**********",
"lat": 44.7108591,
"lng": 10.5971238,
"url": "ht**********",
"country": "Italy",
"state": "Emilia-Romagna",
"city": "Reggio nell'Emilia",
"star_count": 0,
"rating_count": 0,
"category_name": "Oral surgeons,Cosmetic dentists,Dentists,Pediatric dentists"
},
{
"name": "Studio Odontoiatrico Dott. Gennaro Auricchio",
"address": "Vi**********",
"phone": "********4880",
"email": "in**@au**********",
"lat": 44.6368755,
"lng": 10.951471,
"url": "ht**********",
"country": "Italy",
"state": "Emilia-Romagna",
"city": "Modena",
"star_count": 5,
"rating_count": 56,
"category_name": "Dentists"
},
{
"name": "Studio Dentistico Dotti",
"address": "Vi**********",
"phone": "********0054",
"email": "sa*******@st**********",
"lat": 44.6404656,
"lng": 10.8949639,
"url": "ht**********",
"country": "Italy",
"state": "Emilia-Romagna",
"city": "Modena",
"star_count": 5,
"rating_count": 2,
"category_name": "Dentists"
},
{
"name": "Studio Dentistico Zoboli Mauro",
"address": "Vi**********",
"phone": "********0726",
"email": "dr**********@gm*******",
"lat": 44.61866,
"lng": 10.92694,
"url": "ht**********",
"country": "Italy",
"state": "Emilia-Romagna",
"city": "Modena",
"star_count": 4.9,
"rating_count": 7,
"category_name": "Dentists"
},
{
"name": "Studio Dentistico S. Faustino",
"address": "Vi**********",
"phone": "********5461",
"email": "in******@gm**********",
"lat": 44.6420385,
"lng": 10.909029,
"url": "ht**********",
"country": "Italy",
"state": "Emilia-Romagna",
"city": "Modena",
"star_count": 5,
"rating_count": 9,
"category_name": "Dentists"
},
{
"name": "Ambulatorio Dentistico Monari Dr. Francesca",
"address": "Vi**********",
"phone": "********2335",
"email": "in**@st**********",
"lat": 44.6402503,
"lng": 10.9034867,
"url": "ht**********",
"country": "Italy",
"state": "Emilia-Romagna",
"city": "Modena",
"star_count": 5,
"rating_count": 2,
"category_name": "Dentists"
},
{
"name": "Giovanni Bertoldi",
"address": "Vi**********",
"phone": "********7700",
"email": "gb*******@da******",
"lat": 44.6420225,
"lng": 10.935191,
"url": "ht**********",
"country": "Italy",
"state": "Emilia-Romagna",
"city": "Modena",
"star_count": 4.5,
"rating_count": 11,
"category_name": "Dentists,Oral surgeons"
},
{
"name": "Centro Odontoiatrico Matteotti",
"address": "Vi**********",
"phone": "********5853",
"email": "in**@ce**********",
"lat": 44.4883239,
"lng": 11.2940596,
"url": "ht**********",
"country": "Italy",
"state": "Emilia-Romagna",
"city": "Bologna",
"star_count": 4.1,
"rating_count": 8,
"category_name": "Dentists,Prosthodontists,Prosthetics dentists,Periodontists,Oral surgeons,Orthodontists"
},
{
"name": "Avtre Poliambulatorio Odontoiatrico",
"address": "Vi**********",
"phone": "********4378",
"email": "in**@po**********",
"lat": 44.6311533,
"lng": 10.9403303,
"url": "ht**********",
"country": "Italy",
"state": "Emilia-Romagna",
"city": "Modena",
"star_count": 5,
"rating_count": 1,
"category_name": "Dentists"
},
{
"name": "Costa Dr. Antonio",
"address": "Vi**********",
"phone": "********1673",
"email": "in**@co**********",
"lat": 44.8020858,
"lng": 10.3399343,
"url": "ht**********",
"country": "Italy",
"state": "Emilia-Romagna",
"city": "Parma",
"star_count": 4.5,
"rating_count": 11,
"category_name": "Dentists"
},
{
"name": "Marc J.W.M. Mertens Studio Dentistico",
"address": "Vi**********",
"phone": "********7467",
"email": "st**********@gm*******",
"lat": 45.0372913,
"lng": 9.6602795,
"url": "ht**********",
"country": "Italy",
"state": "Emilia-Romagna",
"city": "Piacenza",
"star_count": 5,
"rating_count": 5,
"category_name": "Dentists"
},
{
"name": "Centro Dentale Festa - Dentista Rimini",
"address": "Vi**********",
"phone": "********5602",
"email": "in**@ce**********",
"lat": 44.0652849,
"lng": 12.4453638,
"url": "ht**********",
"country": "Italy",
"state": "Emilia-Romagna",
"city": "Santarcangelo",
"star_count": 5,
"rating_count": 1,
"category_name": "Dentists"
},
{
"name": "Dentisti Associati Greischberger - Di Bartolomeo",
"address": "Vi**********",
"phone": "********8280",
"email": "in**@de**********",
"lat": 44.4928972,
"lng": 11.313057,
"url": "ht**********",
"country": "Italy",
"state": "Emilia-Romagna",
"city": "Bologna",
"star_count": 4.9,
"rating_count": 22,
"category_name": "Dentists"
},
{
"name": "Malchiodi Dr. Massimiliano",
"address": "Vi**********",
"phone": "********6436",
"email": "in**@ma**********",
"lat": 45.0335502,
"lng": 9.6571016,
"url": "ht**********",
"country": "Italy",
"state": "Emilia-Romagna",
"city": "Piacenza",
"star_count": 4.5,
"rating_count": 27,
"category_name": "Dentists"
},
{
"name": "Studio Dentistico Dott.ssa Scaffidi",
"address": "Vi**********",
"phone": "********2430",
"email": "st**********@gm*******",
"lat": 44.7946271,
"lng": 10.3135531,
"url": "ht**********",
"country": "Italy",
"state": "Emilia-Romagna",
"city": "Parma",
"star_count": 0,
"rating_count": 0,
"category_name": "Dentists"
},
{
"name": "Ambulatorio Privato Di Odontoiatria Sant'Andrea",
"address": "Vi**********",
"phone": "********6097",
"email": "sa**********@li*******",
"lat": 44.7877292,
"lng": 10.3167578,
"url": "ht**********",
"country": "Italy",
"state": "Emilia-Romagna",
"city": "Parma",
"star_count": 5,
"rating_count": 6,
"category_name": "Dentists"
},
{
"name": "Akos Centro Odontoiatrico - Parma Gramsci",
"address": "Vi**********",
"phone": "********1266",
"email": "in**@ak**********",
"lat": 44.8054835,
"lng": 10.3074075,
"url": "ht**********",
"country": "Italy",
"state": "Emilia-Romagna",
"city": "Parma",
"star_count": 5,
"rating_count": 7,
"category_name": "Dentists"
},
{
"name": "Bludental Clinique - Parma",
"address": "St**********",
"phone": "********4817",
"email": "va********@bl**********",
"lat": 44.8040687,
"lng": 10.337131,
"url": "ht**********",
"country": "Italy",
"state": "Emilia-Romagna",
"city": "Parma",
"star_count": 4.8,
"rating_count": 192,
"category_name": "Dentists"
},
{
"name": "Studio Dentistico Dr. Tartari - Dr. Frozzi",
"address": "Co**********",
"phone": "********3603",
"email": "in**@ma**********",
"lat": 44.84156,
"lng": 11.6288234,
"url": "ht**********",
"country": "Italy",
"state": "Emilia-Romagna",
"city": "Ferrara",
"star_count": 4.2,
"rating_count": 5,
"category_name": "Dentists,Plastic surgeons"
},
{
"name": "Agorà Medi",
"address": "Vi**********",
"phone": "********3300",
"email": "in**@ag**********",
"lat": 44.7133655,
"lng": 10.6074258,
"url": "ht**********",
"country": "Italy",
"state": "Emilia-Romagna",
"city": "Reggio nell'Emilia",
"star_count": 4.6,
"rating_count": 30,
"category_name": "Speech pathologists,Dental implants providers,Orthodontists,Cosmetic surgeons,Nutritionists,Dentists,Pediatric dentists"
},
{
"name": "Ambulatorio Odontoiatrico San Matteo Di Sgarbanti Dr. Gianluca",
"address": "vc**********",
"phone": "********6930",
"email": "se********@am**********",
"lat": 44.8381376,
"lng": 11.6278513,
"url": "ht**********",
"country": "Italy",
"state": "Emilia-Romagna",
"city": "Ferrara",
"star_count": 4.5,
"rating_count": 19,
"category_name": "Dentists"
}
]
How Smartscrapers Data Services Helps Businesses
Explore the strategic advantages our web scraping solutions bring to your business.
Lead GenerationStreamline your lead generation strategy with LeadFeed! Our cutting-edge platform offers premium data solutions to find targeted leads, access buyer intent data, personalize your sales pitch, and maximize conversion rates. Elevate your business to new heights with LeadFeed!
Email Campaigns
Transform your email campaigns with accurate and up-to-date contact information. Our web scraping services empower you to build targeted email lists, enhance personalization, and boost deliverability, ensuring your messages reach the right audience.
Cold Calling
Revolutionize your cold-calling strategies with our web scraping solutions. Access updated contact information, tailor pitches based on audience insights, and increase conversion rates, turning leads into valuable customers through effective communication.
Mail Campaigns
Enhance your direct mail campaigns with our targeted data solutions. Craft tailored content based on precise insights, increase response rates by delivering resonant content and optimize your budget by targeting the most relevant recipients.
Number of Dentists locations by each city/area
| City/Area | Population | Number Of Dentists | Number Of Dentists / 10K People |
|---|---|---|---|
| Bologna | 394.84K | 330 | 8 |
| Parma | 198.29K | 219 | 11 |
| Modena | 184.73K | 189 | 10 |
| Reggio nell'Emilia | 171.94K | 147 | 9 |
| Rimini | 148.69K | 137 | 9 |
| Ferrara | 132.01K | 124 | 9 |
| Piacenza | 103.61K | 120 | 12 |
| Santarcangelo | 10.93K | 7 | 6 |
| Riccione | 32.74K | 6 | 2 |
| Casalecchio di Reno | 33.79K | 6 | 2 |
| Rottofreno | 1.87K | 4 | 21 |
| San Lazzaro | 22.35K | 3 | 1 |
| Castel Maggiore | 16.07K | 3 | 2 |
| Pontenure | 5.38K | 2 | 4 |
| Calderara di Reno | 6.29K | 2 | 3 |
| Formigine | 34.33K | 2 | 1 |
| Pianoro | 8.26K | 1 | 1 |
| Podenzano | 5.90K | 1 | 2 |
| Poggio Renatico | 5.31K | 1 | 2 |
| Sala Bolognese | 1.72K | 1 | 6 |
| San Martino in Rio | 6.09K | 1 | 2 |
| Sasso Marconi | 6.12K | 1 | 2 |
| Spilamberto | 8.77K | 1 | 1 |
| Zola Predosa | 15.96K | 1 | 1 |
| Agazzano | 1.45K | 1 | 7 |
| Bellaria-Igea Marina | 17.64K | 1 | 1 |
| Budrio | 8.94K | 1 | 1 |
| Calendasco | 781.00 | 1 | 13 |
| Carpaneto Piacentino | 4.80K | 1 | 2 |
| Casalgrande | 7.45K | 1 | 1 |
| Castenaso | 8.96K | 1 | 1 |
| Castrocaro Terme e Terra del Sole | 5.55K | 1 | 2 |
| Cesena | 97.14K | 1 | ~1 |
| Collecchio | 7.99K | 1 | 1 |
| Fiorenzuola d'Arda | 13.21K | 1 | 1 |
| Forlimpopoli | 9.39K | 1 | 1 |
| Gragnano Trebbiense | 2.27K | 1 | 4 |
| Langhirano | 5.89K | 1 | 2 |
| Molinella | 9.38K | 1 | 1 |
| Nonantola | 10.87K | 1 | 1 |
How many Dentists are there in Emilia-Romagna?
There are a total of 1432 Dentists in Emilia-Romagna as of April 20, 2024.
List of Dentists in Emilia-Romagna
Download the list of 1432 Dentists in Emilia-Romagna as of April 20, 2024 based on phone number, email, and both.
Number of Dentists in Emilia-Romagna with Phone Number
1362
Number of Dentists in Emilia-Romagna with Email
466
Number of Dentists in Emilia-Romagna with Phone Number and Email
454
Download sales qualified leads of Dentists in the Emilia-Romagna
Download this data in CSV, Esri Shapefile, Excel, GeoJSON, or KML
(Google Earth) file formats.
Related Dentists Leads By Location
Data of Dentists in Emilia-Romagna with/without Website
Download the list of Dentists in Emilia-Romagna as of April 20, 2024 with and without website information.
712
Number of Dentists in Emilia-Romagna with website
720
Number of Dentists in Emilia-Romagna without website
List of Dentists in Emilia-Romagna By Ratings
Download the data of the number of star-rated Dentists in Emilia-Romagna as of April 20, 2024.
17
Number of 1 star-rated Dentists in Emilia-Romagna
4
Number of 2 star-rated Dentists in Emilia-Romagna
35
Number of 3 star-rated Dentists in Emilia-Romagna
93
Number of 4 star-rated Dentists in Emilia-Romagna
830
Number of 5 star-rated Dentists in Emilia-Romagna
Newly Opened
Business
Recently Closed
Business
Monthly Insights for Market Analysis and Growth
Receive monthly updates on business openings and closings across diverse industries.
- Essential data for sales, marketing professionals, investors, and analysts.
- Strategically compiled to inform and guide your marketing and sales tactics.
- Leverage monthly data to refine your sales leads and marketing strategies.
- Stay ahead of market trends with timely, comprehensive business insights.
Special Features
Monthly dispatch of business dynamics in over 5000 categories.
Data sets tailored for impactful sales and marketing applications.
Efficient access to a wide array of business information.
Close Faster
62%Increase in overall productivity
Gain Insights
3xIncrease in win rates
Attract Customers
74%Decrease in marketing spend
The total number of Dentists in Emilia-Romagna is 1432.
Smartscrapers is your go-to platform to get authentic and reliable data on Dentists in Emilia-Romagna at an affordable price.
You can download the complete dataset of sales qualified leads of Dentists in Emilia-Romagna once you purchase it.
Absolutely! Smartscrapers enables you to download a sample dataset directly from the corresponding webpage.
You can download the data in CSV, Esri Shapefile, Excel, GeoJSON, or KML (Google Earth) file formats.
The price of Dentists in Emilia-Romagna dataset costs $149.
There are 1362 Dentists in Emilia-Romagna with phone numbers.
There are 466 Dentists in Emilia-Romagna with email lists.
There are 454 Dentists in Emilia-Romagna with both phone numbers and email lists.
The total count of Dentists in Emilia-Romagna with a website is 712.
The total count of Dentists in Emilia-Romagna without a website is 720.
There are 830 5-star rated Dentists in Emilia-Romagna.
There are 93 4-star rated Dentists in Emilia-Romagna.
There are 35 3-star rated Dentists in Emilia-Romagna.
There are 4 2-star rated Dentists in Emilia-Romagna.
There are 17 1-star rated Dentists in Emilia-Romagna.
By uploading our dataset on Dentists, you can effortlessly reach the right target audience, optimize your ad campaigns, and increase your conversion rate.
By uploading our dataset on Dentists, you can effortlessly reach the right target audience through Google Ads, optimize your ad campaigns, and maximize your ROI.
With the email addresses of Dentists, you can reach your audience directly, ensuring your messages land in the inboxes of potential customers, leading to increased engagement and conversion rates.
Whether for cold calling campaigns or personalized messaging, having accurate phone numbers allows you to establish meaningful connections.
The mailing address data of Dentists ensures that your promotional materials reach the hands of potential customers, driving engagement and brand recognition.